2 research outputs found
A Shared Task on Bandit Learning for Machine Translation
We introduce and describe the results of a novel shared task on bandit
learning for machine translation. The task was organized jointly by Amazon and
Heidelberg University for the first time at the Second Conference on Machine
Translation (WMT 2017). The goal of the task is to encourage research on
learning machine translation from weak user feedback instead of human
references or post-edits. On each of a sequence of rounds, a machine
translation system is required to propose a translation for an input, and
receives a real-valued estimate of the quality of the proposed translation for
learning. This paper describes the shared task's learning and evaluation setup,
using services hosted on Amazon Web Services (AWS), the data and evaluation
metrics, and the results of various machine translation architectures and
learning protocols.Comment: Conference on Machine Translation (WMT) 201
Establishing a Leaf Proteome Reference Map for <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> Provides Insight into Potential Ethnobotanical Uses
Although ginkgo (Maidenhair
tree, Ginkgo biloba L.) is an ancient
medicinal and ornamental tree, there has not previously
been any systematic proteomic study of the leaves. Herein we describe
results from the initial study identifying abundant ginkgo leaf proteins
and present a gel reference map. Proteins were isolated from fully
developed mature leaves in biological triplicate and analyzed by two-dimensional
electrophoresis plus tandem mass spectrometry. Using this approach,
we were able to reproducibly quantify 190 abundant protein spots,
from which 157 proteins were identified. Most of identified proteins
are associated with the energy and protein destination/storage categories.
The reference map provides a basis for understanding the accumulation
of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in mature leaves (e.g.,
identification of chalcone synthase, the first committed enzyme in
flavonoid biosynthesis). We additionally detected several proteins
of as yet unknown function. These proteins comprise a pool of potential
targets that might be useful in nontraditional medical applications